<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Gabon<nl>Economy</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Overview:</hi> Notwithstanding its serious ongoing economic problems, Gabon enjoys a per capita income more than twice that of most nations of sub-Saharan Africa. Gabon depended on timber and manganese until oil was discovered offshore in the early 1970s. The oil sector now accounts for 50% of GNP. Real growth was feeble in 1992 and Gabon continues to face weak prices for its timber, manganese, and uranium exports. Despite an abundance of natural wealth, and a manageable rate of population growth, the economy is hobbled by poor fiscal management. In 1992, the fiscal deficit widened to 2.4% of GDP, and Gabon failed to settled arrears on its bilateral debt, leading to a cancellation of rescheduling agreements with official and private creditors. Devaluation of the local currency by 50% in January 1994 could set off an inflationary spiral if the government fails to reign in spending and grants large wage increases to an already overpaid public sector workforce.
<item><hi format=bold>National product:</hi> GDP—purchasing power equivalent—$5.4 billion (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product real growth rate:</hi> 0.5% (1992 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product per capita:</hi> $4,800 (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Industrial production:</hi> growth rate -10% (1988 est.); accounts for 8% of GDP, including petroleum
<item><hi format=bold>Electricity:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>capacity:</hi> 315,000 kW
<item>• <hi format=ital>production:</hi> 995 million kWh
<item>• <hi format=ital>consumption per capita:</hi> 920 kWh (1991)
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<item><hi format=bold>Industries:</hi> petroleum, food and beverages, lumbering and plywood, textiles, mining —manganese, uranium, gold, cement
<item><hi format=bold>Agriculture:</hi> accounts for 9% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); cash crops—cocoa, coffee, palm oil; livestock not developed; importer of food; small fishing operations provide a catch of about 20,000 metric tons; okoume (a tropical softwood) is the most important timber product
<item><hi format=bold>Economic aid:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>recipient:</hi> US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $68 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $2.342 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $27 million
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<item><hi format=bold>Currency:</hi> 1 CFA franc (CFAF)=100 centimes
<item>• <hi format=ital>note:</hi> beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948
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<item><hi format=bold>Fiscal year:</hi> calendar year